Peculiarities route:
1. Completely pedestrian
2. The nearest parking is at the Exhibition Hall, Minin and Pozharsky square, 2. In the parking lot there are special allocated parking spaces for people with disabilities, marked with the sign .
3. Selecting a route - taking into account the road surface (asphalt is preferable coating). Smooth descents and ascents required, sidewalk entrances, even observation decks.
4. Lunch spots included, specially equipped toilets.
Pl. Minina
Monument to Minin
On the central square of the city there is a monument to Kuzma Minin, a national hero., who saved Russia from collapse in 1612.
The country was in a difficult situation - after that, how it was interrupted ancient Rurik dynasty, there was no legitimate king in the country. To the Russian throne pretenders claimed, Moscow was captured by Polish troops. Besides, after several years of poor harvests, the country suffered from famine, in many regions epidemics raged.
In this desperate situation, Russia as an independent state could cease to exist. This did not happen thanks to Kuzma Minin, to the butcher from Nizhny Novgorod. He called the residents of Nizhny Novgorod to a gathering and convinced them to donate funds for arming the people's militia. He found for the people's army worthy leader - Prince Pozharsky, an experienced warrior and an honest man, who agreed to lead the war effort.
The militia left Nizhny Novgorod and moved towards Moscow, collecting along the way everyone who wants to join. In November 1612 g. forces militia Moscow was liberated from the Poles, after which they were organized popular election of the king. A new legitimate sovereign, Mikhail, ascended the throne Romanov, first of the Romanov dynasty. The period of anarchy is over, Russia began to revive.
Image of Kuzma Minin, captured in bronze – a figment of the artist’s imagination. Not a single portrait of Minin has survived, if there were any. We don't even know, how old was the hero. We can only guess, that he was not young (at the young man would not have enough authority), but strong enough, to overcome all the hardships of a military campaign and participate in battles.
Fountain on Minin Square
This is the first water supply system in Nizhny Novgorod, arranged on a square in end 19 century. Before he appeared, residents collected water from Volya, that is, everyone day we made the journey first from the mountain down, to the river, Then, with full buckets - back up the mountain.
He is. Bolshaya Pokrovskaya
We are located at the beginning of the main pedestrian street of the city, "Nizhny Novgorod Broadway" – Bolshaya Pokrovskaya. On weekends and holidays, friends come here and families, to take a walk, go shopping.
Already at the end 13 people lived here. This was originally a place location of country noble estates - after all, the whole city was located in borders of the Kremlin. But the city grew, land went up in price, and gradually replaced estates with their extensive courtyards and gardens came with dense urban development. TO 19 in. this the street looked much the same, like now, and performed the same function - here there were expensive shops, went out here to the promenade.
B. Pokrovskaya, 1 – "disaster house"
In the middle 19 in. city governor, Prince Urusov, ordered to merchant Bugrov build a new stone building for the theater here. The governor loved the theater very much, and loved actresses even more. The prince greatly hurried Bugrov, work did not stop even when it gets cold. 8-September th, on a big Christian holiday – day Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (work on major church holidays Russia was considered a sin). Priest, passing by, tried to stop construction site, and when they didn’t listen to him, cursed the builders too, and building. in spring one of the walls collapsed, suffocating 11 workers. But construction continued, theater was opened.
The misfortunes didn't end there. The new building soon burned down. His repaired, but the fires followed one after another. The building was changed frequently owners. At the end 19 in. grandson of the first Bugrov - the builder of the building – Nikolay Bugrov bought this plot, rebuilt the house and donated it to the city with condition, “so that no theater of any kind is allowed in this building and generally an entertainment establishment, as well as a commercial establishment for sale strong alcoholic drinks. And so that the income from this house goes to a special fund for distributions to the poor residents of the city”. He himself did not go to the theaters, claiming, what's "naked" women jump over naked men".
A year later, a terrible fire destroyed the building to the ground.. But the city decided at any cost to revive Bugrov's gift. 70 percent of funds for new construction was introduced by the same Nikolai Bugrov (That’s why the house was also called “twice” Bugrovsky gift”).
First public library – B. Pokrovskaya, e.2
If you look up, can see, that the building is decorated with busts writers Pushkin, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. At first 20 in. was in this building The city's first public library was opened.
Here, on the initiative of the writer Gorky, Christmas trees were held for the poorest children in the city.
Mytny market
Here the entrance to one of the oldest markets in Nizhny Novgorod is hidden behind the houses. Novgorod. They sell everything here - clothes, dishes, products.
Lyrical digression
In the 90s. such markets in the city there were several, the so-called “shuttle traders” traded there mainly in clothing and footwear – traders, who bought things from China and took them to Russia in huge bags . Of course, the products were low quality and terrible design, but after the total Soviet deficit people happily bought it. Especially, the prices were quite reasonable. At the same Since then, several boutiques of expensive brands have opened in the center, such as Hugo Boss, eg. A small elite dressed there, the rest went there as if in museum, and not without timidity. The salesperson immediately approached such visitors and asked sternly: "Can I help you?"After this, buyers usually hurried leave. All models from boutiques were known. Meeting a man in a suit couture", everyone could tell for sure, how much did it cost him?. In a few years, more democratic clothing brands came to Russia, began to open shopping centers. Nevertheless, the markets did not give up their positions for a long time, because clothes it was much cheaper there, than in stores. Finally they were closed in legislative order, but office centers were not built in their place. Of course, shopping centers are more convenient, but imagine, how much romance there was in this: on the streets -10-15S, and girls are looking for “that dress”, in which they will be shine at a party, behind the curtain they measure Chinese rags one after another - and it's all outdoors.
House of the merchant Kostromin - B. Pokrovskaya, d.4a
This is the oldest house on this street (built in the 70s of the 18th century). Today
this house houses an educational theater.
“Engraving and speed printing Sverdlov’s workshop” – st.. B. Pokrovskaya, 6
Yakov Sverdlov, a man, was born in this house, whose name in Soviet times wore this street. Sverdlov, engraver's son, modest Jewish youth, became ardent Bolshevik, symbol of the "red terror". One modern historian called Sverdlov “a bloody mechanic of the Soviet regime”. It is in imitation Sverdlov, young Bolsheviks began to wear black leather jackets. Figure of a Bolshevik in a leather jacket those years were the epitome of romance for some and horror for others. Counts, that it was Sverdlov who made the decision to kill not only the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II Romanova, but also members of his family - his wife and children.
Cheerful goat
The deer on the Nizhny Novgorod coat of arms was sometimes called a cheerful goat by barge haulers and seasonal workers, hinting at that, that you can have a lot of fun in the city, That eat drink.
Besides, the goat has the honor of saving one of the city districts in 19 century. One of the houses caught fire at night. Everyone was asleep, no one noticed the threat. Only goat, tied in the yard, got off the leash, ran out into the street, her horns got tangled in the rope of the signal bell and began to ring. To the ringing The townspeople ran out and put out the fire.
Theater Drama - street. B. Pokrovskaya, e. 13
IN 1896 g. the 16th All-Russian industrial art exhibition. It was an event of enormous proportions. The exhibition was supposed to demonstrate the technical and intellectual power empires, her wealth and prosperity.
For the opening of the exhibition, the city acquired electric lamps in the center, by tram and theater.
It was called the “Blue Theater” (according to the color of the blue upholstery).
It was here that the career of the famous singer Fyodor Chaliapin began.
Here he met his first wife, an Italian ballerina. Ioloi Tornaghi. The story of how they met is interesting.. The Torngai troupe arrived from Italy shortly before the dress rehearsal of the opera “A Life for the Tsar” (in those years it was considered good form to alternate arias with ballet numbers). But it turned out, that by mistake the Italians rehearsed something completely different on the way, what was required of them. When the music started, they stopped in confusion. Chaliapin, who was waiting to come out stage, laughed out loud. "Cretin!» – exclaimed prima Iola Tornaghi. Chaliapin did not know a single foreign language, but he understood this word. "Who, I?» – he asked again, pointing at yourself. Tornagi nodded furiously. Chaliapin was amazed and fell in love irrevocably.
House of the Noble Assembly and Alexandrovsky Noble Bank (DK im. Sverdlov) – str. B. Pokrovskaya, e. 18
This building was built at the beginning 19 in. for meetings of local landowners. in winter, when the nobles at the end of the summer season, moved from estates to city, elections were held here, balls were held, performances, concerts.
IN 1861 was read here manifesto on the abolition of serfdom.
For reference: From the Middle Ages until 17 centuries peasants in Russia gradually lost its independence, became property of the earth, which they processed. TO 17 century, peasants became virtually property landowner - owner of land. They were legally powerless, in fact – slaves. The landowner could sell the peasant, force to marry, take away property, kill with impunity. Only in 1861 g. Tsar Alexander II (Liberator) noted serfdom law in Russia.
Nizhny Novgorod branch state bank – str. B. Pokrovskaya, e. 26
This building looks like both a European castle and an ancient Russian one tower. Inside it is decorated with intricate paintings, but, unfortunately, the building is open for visits only 1 day of the year - 15 may.
The bank building was inaugurated in 1913. Attended the event last Russian emperor – Nicholas II with the Empress and children (that year the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty was celebrated, on this occasion the king visited our city).
On the eve of the opening there was an embarrassment - a laundress, lived in the next house, hung out underwear to dry, and refused to remove it. The police threatened her arrest, in response, she promised to “throw herself at the feet of the Emperor and tell, how the poor woman is oppressed". The architect resolved the conflict. In one night it was built a clock tower, covering the balcony of the obstinate washerwoman and her linen.
During the First World War, half of the gold reserves were stored here Russian Empire. Unable to bear such a load, The foundation of the storage facility has cracked.
